{"id":11629,"date":"2022-01-25T01:01:51","date_gmt":"2022-01-25T01:01:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/?p=11629"},"modified":"2022-01-25T02:27:03","modified_gmt":"2022-01-25T02:27:03","slug":"is-there-copper-in-our-blood","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/is-there-copper-in-our-blood\/","title":{"rendered":"Is there copper in our blood?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"padding-bottom:20px; padding-top:10px;\" class=\"hupso-share-buttons\"><!-- Hupso Share Buttons - https:\/\/www.hupso.com\/share\/ --><a class=\"hupso_toolbar\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hupso.com\/share\/\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/static.hupso.com\/share\/buttons\/share-medium.png?w=640&#038;ssl=1\" style=\"border:0px; padding-top:5px; float:left;\" alt=\"Share Button\"\/><\/a><script type=\"text\/javascript\">var hupso_services_t=new Array(\"Twitter\",\"Facebook\",\"Pinterest\",\"Linkedin\");var hupso_background_t=\"#EAF4FF\";var hupso_border_t=\"#66CCFF\";var hupso_toolbar_size_t=\"medium\";var hupso_twitter_via = \"datebytype\";var hupso_image_folder_url = \"\";var hupso_twitter_via=\"datebytype\";var hupso_url_t=\"\";var hupso_title_t=\"Is there copper in our blood?\";<\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"https:\/\/static.hupso.com\/share\/js\/share_toolbar.js\"><\/script><!-- Hupso Share Buttons --><\/div>\n<p> Normally most of the copper in your blood is carried by a protein called ceruloplasmin. Adults have&nbsp;<strong>50 to 120 milligrams (mg)<\/strong>&nbsp;of copper in their body, mostly in muscle and the liver. Copper helps make melanin, bone, and connective tissue. It also helps with many other processes in your body.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> The normal concentration of copper in plasma is&nbsp;<strong>around 1 mg\/L, ranging up to about 1.5 mg\/L<\/strong>&nbsp;(Bergomi et al., 1997; Ford, 2000; Romero et al., 2002; Arredondo et al., 2008). Women generally have higher plasma copper levels than men (Milne, 1998).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"606\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/800px-NatCopper.jpg?resize=640%2C606&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11632\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/800px-NatCopper.jpg?w=800&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/800px-NatCopper.jpg?resize=300%2C284&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/800px-NatCopper.jpg?resize=768%2C727&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><figcaption> Copper is a chemical element with the symbol Cu and atomic number 29. It is a soft, malleable, and ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity. A freshly exposed surface of pure copper has a pinkish-orange color.&nbsp; <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Various health problems can disrupt normal copper levels. This can cause you to have too little copper (copper deficiency) or too much copper (copper toxicity).<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-wordpress alignright wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-rh-negative-blood-and-people\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"ZvIHqmcuF0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/there-is-some-copper-in-our-blood\/\">There is SOME copper in our blood<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;There is SOME copper in our blood&#8221; &#8212; The Rh Negative Blog\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/there-is-some-copper-in-our-blood\/embed\/#?secret=2km84e8flP#?secret=ZvIHqmcuF0\" data-secret=\"ZvIHqmcuF0\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption><br> <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Because a normal diet has plenty of copper, copper deficiency is unlikely except in certain cases. It can occur in malnourished children. This is especially true for premature babies who don\u2019t get nutritional supplements. Children with this condition tend to have bone abnormalities and fractures. Copper deficiency can also result from a rare genetic disorder called Menkes kinky hair syndrome. This syndrome interferes with copper absorption. Copper deficiency can lead to problems with connective tissue, muscle weakness, anemia, low white blood cell count, neurological problems, and paleness.<ins><br><\/ins><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Too much copper can be toxic. You can get too much copper from dietary supplements or from drinking contaminated water. You can also get too much copper from being around fungicides that have copper sulfate. You can also have too much copper if you have a condition that stops the body from getting rid of copper. For example, Wilson disease keeps the liver from storing copper safely and from sending copper out of the body in your stool. Extra copper in the liver overflows and builds up in the kidneys, brain, and eyes. This extra copper can kill liver cells and cause nerve damage. Wilson disease is fatal if untreated. Extra copper can also interfere with how your body absorbs zinc and iron.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Do Rh negatives have higher copper levels in our blood stream?\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/TwDBilCNLbM?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Copper and iron are essential elements in the human organism, and recent enlightening research has given increased evidence of their importance in the blood stream.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-wordpress alignright wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-rh-negative-blood-and-people\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"Z6eiCCrh6N\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/is-rh-negative-blood-actually-copper-based\/\">Is Rh negative blood actually copper-based?<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Is Rh negative blood actually copper-based?&#8221; &#8212; The Rh Negative Blog\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/is-rh-negative-blood-actually-copper-based\/embed\/#?secret=8dfU3rPjZF#?secret=Z6eiCCrh6N\" data-secret=\"Z6eiCCrh6N\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Unlike most animals on earth, whose&nbsp;blood&nbsp;is iron-based, some mollusks (Mollusca) and arthropods (Arthropoda) have&nbsp;copper\u2013based blood. While the best-known example of an arthropod with&nbsp;copper\u2013based blood&nbsp;is the horseshoe crab, a number of other arthropods have blue&nbsp;blood.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hemocyanins&nbsp;(also spelled&nbsp;haemocyanins&nbsp;and abbreviated&nbsp;Hc) are&nbsp;proteins&nbsp;that transport oxygen throughout the bodies of some invertebrate animals. These&nbsp;metalloproteins&nbsp;contain two&nbsp;copper&nbsp;atoms that reversibly bind a single&nbsp;oxygen&nbsp;molecule (O<sub>2<\/sub>). They are second only to&nbsp;hemoglobin&nbsp;in frequency of use as an oxygen transport molecule. Unlike the hemoglobin in&nbsp;red blood cells&nbsp;found in&nbsp;vertebrates, hemocyanins are not confined in blood cells but are instead suspended directly in the&nbsp;hemolymph. Oxygenation causes a&nbsp;color&nbsp;change between the colorless Cu(I) deoxygenated form and the&nbsp;blue&nbsp;Cu(II) oxygenated form.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hemocyanins are found only in the&nbsp;Mollusca&nbsp;and&nbsp;Arthropoda: the earliest discoveries of hemocyanins were in the snail&nbsp;<em>Helix pomatia<\/em>&nbsp;(a mollusc) and in the&nbsp;horseshoe crab&nbsp;(an arthropod). They were subsequently found to be common among&nbsp;cephalopods&nbsp;and&nbsp;crustaceans&nbsp;and are utilized by some land arthropods such as the tarantula&nbsp;<em>Eurypelma californicum<\/em>, the&nbsp;emperor scorpion,&nbsp;and the centipede&nbsp;<em>Scutigera coleoptrata<\/em>. Also, larval storage proteins in many insects appear to be derived from hemocyanins.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ceruloplasmin is the major&nbsp;copper-carrying protein in the blood, and in addition plays a role in&nbsp;iron metabolism. It was first described in 1948.&nbsp;Another protein,&nbsp;hephaestin, is noted for its homology to ceruloplasmin, and also participates in iron and probably copper metabolism.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1602\" height=\"925\" src=\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/CP_Active_Site.png?fit=640%2C369&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11648\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/CP_Active_Site.png?w=1602&amp;ssl=1 1602w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/CP_Active_Site.png?resize=300%2C173&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/CP_Active_Site.png?resize=768%2C443&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/CP_Active_Site.png?resize=1024%2C591&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/CP_Active_Site.png?w=1280&amp;ssl=1 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><figcaption> Close-up view of the human plasma CP active site consisting of the T1 copper center (left) and trinuclear copper center (right) showing the coordinating side chains. PDB code: 1KCW. Atom colors: Cu = grey&nbsp;; O = red&nbsp;; N = blue&nbsp;; S = yellow. <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br><\/p>\n<div style=\"padding-bottom:20px; padding-top:10px;\" class=\"hupso-share-buttons\"><!-- Hupso Share Buttons - https:\/\/www.hupso.com\/share\/ --><a class=\"hupso_toolbar\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hupso.com\/share\/\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/static.hupso.com\/share\/buttons\/share-medium.png?w=640&#038;ssl=1\" style=\"border:0px; padding-top:5px; float:left;\" alt=\"Share Button\"\/><\/a><script type=\"text\/javascript\">var hupso_services_t=new Array(\"Twitter\",\"Facebook\",\"Pinterest\",\"Linkedin\");var hupso_background_t=\"#EAF4FF\";var hupso_border_t=\"#66CCFF\";var hupso_toolbar_size_t=\"medium\";var hupso_twitter_via = \"datebytype\";var hupso_image_folder_url = \"\";var hupso_twitter_via=\"datebytype\";var hupso_url_t=\"\";var hupso_title_t=\"Is there copper in our blood?\";<\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"https:\/\/static.hupso.com\/share\/js\/share_toolbar.js\"><\/script><!-- Hupso Share Buttons --><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div style=\"padding-bottom:20px; padding-top:10px;\" class=\"hupso-share-buttons\"><!-- Hupso Share Buttons - https:\/\/www.hupso.com\/share\/ --><a class=\"hupso_toolbar\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hupso.com\/share\/\"><img src=\"https:\/\/static.hupso.com\/share\/buttons\/share-medium.png\" style=\"border:0px; padding-top:5px; float:left;\" alt=\"Share Button\"\/><\/a><script type=\"text\/javascript\">var hupso_services_t=new Array(\"Twitter\",\"Facebook\",\"Pinterest\",\"Linkedin\");var hupso_background_t=\"#EAF4FF\";var hupso_border_t=\"#66CCFF\";var hupso_toolbar_size_t=\"medium\";var hupso_twitter_via = \"datebytype\";var hupso_image_folder_url = \"\";var hupso_twitter_via=\"datebytype\";var hupso_url_t=\"\";var hupso_title_t=\"Is there copper in our blood?\";<\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"https:\/\/static.hupso.com\/share\/js\/share_toolbar.js\"><\/script><!-- Hupso Share Buttons --><\/div>Normally most of the copper in your blood is carried by a protein called ceruloplasmin. Adults have&nbsp;50 to 120 milligrams (mg)&nbsp;of copper in their body, mostly in muscle and the liver. Copper helps make melanin, bone, and connective tissue. It also helps with many other processes in your body. The normal concentration of copper in plasma is&nbsp;around 1 mg\/L, ranging up to about 1.5 mg\/L&nbsp;(Bergomi et al., 1997; Ford, 2000; Romero et al., 2002; Arredondo et al., 2008). Women generally have higher plasma copper levels than men (Milne, 1998). Various health problems can disrupt normal copper levels. This can cause you to have too little copper (copper deficiency) or too much copper (copper toxicity). Because a normal diet has plenty <div style=\"padding-bottom:20px; padding-top:10px;\" class=\"hupso-share-buttons\"><!-- Hupso Share Buttons - https:\/\/www.hupso.com\/share\/ --><a class=\"hupso_toolbar\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hupso.com\/share\/\"><img src=\"https:\/\/static.hupso.com\/share\/buttons\/share-medium.png\" style=\"border:0px; padding-top:5px; float:left;\" alt=\"Share Button\"\/><\/a><script type=\"text\/javascript\">var hupso_services_t=new Array(\"Twitter\",\"Facebook\",\"Pinterest\",\"Linkedin\");var hupso_background_t=\"#EAF4FF\";var hupso_border_t=\"#66CCFF\";var hupso_toolbar_size_t=\"medium\";var hupso_twitter_via = \"datebytype\";var hupso_image_folder_url = \"\";var hupso_twitter_via=\"datebytype\";var hupso_url_t=\"\";var hupso_title_t=\"Is there copper in our blood?\";<\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"https:\/\/static.hupso.com\/share\/js\/share_toolbar.js\"><\/script><!-- Hupso Share Buttons --><\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11648,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"amp_status":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11629","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-facts"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/CP_Active_Site.png?fit=1602%2C925&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5DV68-31z","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11629","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11629"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11629\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11651,"href":"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11629\/revisions\/11651"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11648"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11629"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11629"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11629"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}