{"id":5474,"date":"2019-06-10T16:20:36","date_gmt":"2019-06-10T16:20:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/?p=5474"},"modified":"2019-06-10T16:32:05","modified_gmt":"2019-06-10T16:32:05","slug":"how-toxoplasmosis-affects-rhdnegative-and-rhdpositive-individuals-differently","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/how-toxoplasmosis-affects-rhdnegative-and-rhdpositive-individuals-differently\/","title":{"rendered":"How Toxoplasmosis affects Rh(D)negative and Rh(D)positive individuals differently"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"padding-bottom:20px; padding-top:10px;\" class=\"hupso-share-buttons\"><!-- Hupso Share Buttons - https:\/\/www.hupso.com\/share\/ --><a class=\"hupso_toolbar\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hupso.com\/share\/\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/static.hupso.com\/share\/buttons\/share-medium.png?w=640&#038;ssl=1\" style=\"border:0px; padding-top:5px; float:left;\" alt=\"Share Button\"\/><\/a><script type=\"text\/javascript\">var hupso_services_t=new Array(\"Twitter\",\"Facebook\",\"Pinterest\",\"Linkedin\");var hupso_background_t=\"#EAF4FF\";var hupso_border_t=\"#66CCFF\";var hupso_toolbar_size_t=\"medium\";var hupso_twitter_via = \"datebytype\";var hupso_image_folder_url = \"\";var hupso_twitter_via=\"datebytype\";var hupso_url_t=\"\";var hupso_title_t=\"How Toxoplasmosis affects Rh(D)negative and Rh(D)positive individuals differently\";<\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"https:\/\/static.hupso.com\/share\/js\/share_toolbar.js\"><\/script><!-- Hupso Share Buttons --><\/div>\n<p>More studies are coming, but we already have discovered a few major differences in terms of how being infected with Toxoplasma gondii appears to have different effects on Rh(D)negative and Rh(D)positive individuals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Why does Toxoplasmosis affect rh- differently from rh+?\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/_7OjrLbE558?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>While Rh(D)negative people are showing increase of IQ scores when infected, Rh(D)positive people are showing a decrease <a href=\"http:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/high-iq-differences-between-rh-and-rh-with-and-w-out-toxoplasmosis\/\">in this study.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"477\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/pone.0061272.g001.jpg?resize=640%2C477\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3723\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/pone.0061272.g001.jpg?w=748&amp;ssl=1 748w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/pone.0061272.g001.jpg?resize=300%2C223&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><figcaption>Differences in nonverbal (WMT) and verbal (OTIS) intelligence between Toxoplasma-infected and Toxoplasma-free RhD-positive and RhD-negative subjects.\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Psychomotor skills however appear to be strongly affected in Rh(D)negatives over Rh(D)positives infected. This discovery had been accidental when realizing large numbers of accidents unexplained otherwise. A new study also claims that Toxoplasmosis changes personalities and contributes to entrepreneurial skills:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>According to the study, being infected by the organism, <\/em><strong><em>Toxoplasma<\/em><\/strong><em>&nbsp;gondii, may give an advantage to&nbsp;<\/em><strong><em>entrepreneurs<\/em><\/strong><em>&nbsp;and managers. The protozoan parasite, which is spread by cats, is known to invade the brain and may cause personality changes associated with risk-taking. <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rh factor in above study was not provided.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>Disciplines such as business and economics often rely on the assumption of rationality when explaining complex human behaviours. However, growing evidence suggests that behaviour may concurrently be influenced by infectious microorganisms. The protozoan&nbsp;<em>Toxoplasma gondii<\/em>&nbsp;infects an estimated 2 billion people worldwide and has been linked to behavioural alterations in humans and other vertebrates. Here we integrate primary data from college students and business professionals with national-level information on cultural attitudes towards business to test the hypothesis that&nbsp;<em>T. gondii<\/em>&nbsp;infection influences individual- as well as societal-scale entrepreneurship activities. Using a saliva-based assay, we found that students (<em>n<\/em>&nbsp;= 1495) who tested IgG positive for&nbsp;<em>T. gondii<\/em>&nbsp;exposure were 1.4\u00d7 more likely to major in business and 1.7\u00d7 more likely to have an emphasis in &#8216;management and entrepreneurship&#8217; over other business-related emphases. Among professionals attending entrepreneurship events,&nbsp;<em>T. gondii<\/em>-positive individuals were 1.8\u00d7 more likely to have started their own business compared with other attendees (<em>n<\/em>&nbsp;= 197). Finally, after synthesizing and combining country-level databases on&nbsp;<em>T. gondii<\/em>&nbsp;infection from the past 25 years with the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor of entrepreneurial activity, we found that infection prevalence was a consistent, positive predictor of entrepreneurial activity and intentions at the national scale, regardless of whether previously identified economic covariates were included. Nations with higher infection also had a lower fraction of respondents citing &#8216;fear of failure&#8217; in inhibiting new business ventures. While correlational, these results highlight the linkage between parasitic infection and complex human behaviours, including those relevant to business, entrepreneurship and economic productivity.<br><\/p><cite>The study:  <br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/30051870\">Risky business: linking&nbsp;<\/a><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/30051870\">Toxoplasma gondii<\/a><\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/30051870\">&nbsp;infection and entrepreneurship behaviours across individuals and countries.<br><\/a><br> <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>This could also be due to impulsive behavior, which seems to increase due to Toxoplasmosis. It carries positive and negative results.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p> <br>Two different studies by&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0379073805006018\">Kor Yereli and colleagues<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1471-2334-2-11\">Jaroslav&nbsp;Fleg and his colleagues<\/a>&nbsp;indicate that&nbsp;<em>Toxoplasma gondii<\/em>infection can increase the probability of being involved in traffic accidents, as infected people tend to take more risks on the road. More recently,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0022395614002866\">Thomas Cook and his colleagues<\/a>&nbsp;linked aggression and impulsivity with latent chronic&nbsp;<em>Toxoplasma gondii<\/em>&nbsp;infection. These manifested in an increased risk of suicidal behavior, impulsivity in younger men and aggressive behavior in women. However, we need to be cautious when linking latent chronic infection and human behavioral changes, especially from just one or two studies.<a href=\"http:\/\/journals.plos.org\/plosone\/article?id=10.1371\/journal.pone.0148435\">&nbsp;Karen Sugden and her colleagues<\/a>&nbsp;found that there is little evidence to link infection with behavioral impairments such as suicide and schizophrenia.<br><br> <\/p><cite>Source:<br><br> <br><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.biomedcentral.com\/bugbitten\/2018\/09\/11\/mind-altering-microbes-can-toxoplasma-gondii-infection-increase-entrepreneurship\/\">Mind altering microbes: can Toxoplasma gondii infection increase entrepreneurship?<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.biomedcentral.com\/bugbitten\/2018\/09\/11\/mind-altering-microbes-can-toxoplasma-gondii-infection-increase-entrepreneurship\/\"><br><\/a><br> <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/download-2.png?resize=500%2C500\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-5477\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/download-2.png?w=500&amp;ssl=1 500w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/download-2.png?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/download-2.png?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/download-2.png?resize=120%2C120&amp;ssl=1 120w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/download-2.png?resize=70%2C70&amp;ssl=1 70w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption>Do Rh(D)negative and Rh(D)positive individuals have different predispositions towards handling stress?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>stress<\/strong>&nbsp;coping hypothesis suggests that such behavioral&nbsp;<strong>effects of toxoplasmosis<\/strong>&nbsp;are side&nbsp;<strong>effects<\/strong>&nbsp;of chronic&nbsp;<strong>stress<\/strong>&nbsp;caused by lifelong parasitosis and associated health disorders. Several studies have searched for, and typically found, indices of impaired health in infected subjects. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In many individuals, stress contributes to heightened skills and senses while in others, a shutdown of senses and skills takes place. More information on all studies not indicating rh factor is needed in order to determine significance specifically for Rh(D)negative individuals.<\/p>\n<div style=\"padding-bottom:20px; padding-top:10px;\" class=\"hupso-share-buttons\"><!-- Hupso Share Buttons - https:\/\/www.hupso.com\/share\/ --><a class=\"hupso_toolbar\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hupso.com\/share\/\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/static.hupso.com\/share\/buttons\/share-medium.png?w=640&#038;ssl=1\" style=\"border:0px; padding-top:5px; float:left;\" alt=\"Share Button\"\/><\/a><script type=\"text\/javascript\">var hupso_services_t=new Array(\"Twitter\",\"Facebook\",\"Pinterest\",\"Linkedin\");var hupso_background_t=\"#EAF4FF\";var hupso_border_t=\"#66CCFF\";var hupso_toolbar_size_t=\"medium\";var hupso_twitter_via = \"datebytype\";var hupso_image_folder_url = \"\";var hupso_twitter_via=\"datebytype\";var hupso_url_t=\"\";var hupso_title_t=\"How Toxoplasmosis affects Rh(D)negative and Rh(D)positive individuals differently\";<\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"https:\/\/static.hupso.com\/share\/js\/share_toolbar.js\"><\/script><!-- Hupso Share Buttons --><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div style=\"padding-bottom:20px; padding-top:10px;\" class=\"hupso-share-buttons\"><!-- Hupso Share Buttons - https:\/\/www.hupso.com\/share\/ --><a class=\"hupso_toolbar\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hupso.com\/share\/\"><img src=\"https:\/\/static.hupso.com\/share\/buttons\/share-medium.png\" style=\"border:0px; padding-top:5px; float:left;\" alt=\"Share Button\"\/><\/a><script type=\"text\/javascript\">var hupso_services_t=new Array(\"Twitter\",\"Facebook\",\"Pinterest\",\"Linkedin\");var hupso_background_t=\"#EAF4FF\";var hupso_border_t=\"#66CCFF\";var hupso_toolbar_size_t=\"medium\";var hupso_twitter_via = \"datebytype\";var hupso_image_folder_url = \"\";var hupso_twitter_via=\"datebytype\";var hupso_url_t=\"\";var hupso_title_t=\"How Toxoplasmosis affects Rh(D)negative and Rh(D)positive individuals differently\";<\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"https:\/\/static.hupso.com\/share\/js\/share_toolbar.js\"><\/script><!-- Hupso Share Buttons --><\/div>More studies are coming, but we already have discovered a few major differences in terms of how being infected with Toxoplasma gondii appears to have different effects on Rh(D)negative and Rh(D)positive individuals. While Rh(D)negative people are showing increase of IQ scores when infected, Rh(D)positive people are showing a decrease in this study. Psychomotor skills however appear to be strongly affected in Rh(D)negatives over Rh(D)positives infected. This discovery had been accidental when realizing large numbers of accidents unexplained otherwise. A new study also claims that Toxoplasmosis changes personalities and contributes to entrepreneurial skills: According to the study, being infected by the organism, Toxoplasma&nbsp;gondii, may give an advantage to&nbsp;entrepreneurs&nbsp;and managers. The protozoan parasite, which is spread by cats, is known to invade <div style=\"padding-bottom:20px; padding-top:10px;\" class=\"hupso-share-buttons\"><!-- Hupso Share Buttons - https:\/\/www.hupso.com\/share\/ --><a class=\"hupso_toolbar\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hupso.com\/share\/\"><img src=\"https:\/\/static.hupso.com\/share\/buttons\/share-medium.png\" style=\"border:0px; padding-top:5px; float:left;\" alt=\"Share Button\"\/><\/a><script type=\"text\/javascript\">var hupso_services_t=new Array(\"Twitter\",\"Facebook\",\"Pinterest\",\"Linkedin\");var hupso_background_t=\"#EAF4FF\";var hupso_border_t=\"#66CCFF\";var hupso_toolbar_size_t=\"medium\";var hupso_twitter_via = \"datebytype\";var hupso_image_folder_url = \"\";var hupso_twitter_via=\"datebytype\";var hupso_url_t=\"\";var hupso_title_t=\"How Toxoplasmosis affects Rh(D)negative and Rh(D)positive individuals differently\";<\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"https:\/\/static.hupso.com\/share\/js\/share_toolbar.js\"><\/script><!-- Hupso Share Buttons --><\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5480,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"amp_status":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[12,1,94,93],"tags":[99,66,98,97,79,96,95],"class_list":["post-5474","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-diseases","category-facts","category-toxoplasma-gondii","category-toxoplasmosis","tag-blood-type-personality","tag-blood-types","tag-d-negative","tag-rh-factor","tag-rh-negative","tag-toxoplasma-gondii","tag-toxoplasmosis"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/rh-negative-toxo.jpg?fit=1024%2C768&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5DV68-1qi","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5474","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5474"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5474\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5481,"href":"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5474\/revisions\/5481"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5480"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5474"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5474"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5474"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}