{"id":897,"date":"2016-08-07T11:43:47","date_gmt":"2016-08-07T11:43:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/?p=897"},"modified":"2016-08-07T11:43:47","modified_gmt":"2016-08-07T11:43:47","slug":"blood-type-frequencies-cuba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/blood-type-frequencies-cuba\/","title":{"rendered":"Blood Type Frequencies in Cuba"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"padding-bottom:20px; padding-top:10px;\" class=\"hupso-share-buttons\"><!-- Hupso Share Buttons - https:\/\/www.hupso.com\/share\/ --><a class=\"hupso_toolbar\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hupso.com\/share\/\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/static.hupso.com\/share\/buttons\/share-medium.png?w=640&#038;ssl=1\" style=\"border:0px; padding-top:5px; float:left;\" alt=\"Share Button\"\/><\/a><script type=\"text\/javascript\">var hupso_services_t=new Array(\"Twitter\",\"Facebook\",\"Pinterest\",\"Linkedin\");var hupso_background_t=\"#EAF4FF\";var hupso_border_t=\"#66CCFF\";var hupso_toolbar_size_t=\"medium\";var hupso_twitter_via = \"datebytype\";var hupso_image_folder_url = \"\";var hupso_twitter_via=\"datebytype\";var hupso_url_t=\"\";var hupso_title_t=\"Blood Type Frequencies in Cuba\";<\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"https:\/\/static.hupso.com\/share\/js\/share_toolbar.js\"><\/script><!-- Hupso Share Buttons --><\/div><p>In addition to <a href=\"http:\/\/rhesusnegative.net\/themission\/bloodtypefrequencies\/\" target=\"_blank\">Blood Type Frequencies by Country including the Rh Factor<\/a>,<br \/>\nhere is some information about Cuba:<br \/>\n<!--more--><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/Distribution_of_ABO_Rh_MN_and_Kell_blood.pdf\">Distribution of ABO, Rh, MN and Kell blood groups in Central Cuba<\/a><\/p>\n<p>So let me interpret this for you:<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/cuba-abo.jpg\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/cuba-abo.jpg?resize=640%2C800\" alt=\"cuba abo\"  class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-901\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/cuba-abo.jpg?w=903&amp;ssl=1 903w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/cuba-abo.jpg?resize=240%2C300&amp;ssl=1 240w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/cuba-abo.jpg?resize=768%2C960&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/cuba-abo.jpg?resize=819%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 819w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><br \/>\nJust like so many Central and South American countries, Cuba experiences high discrepencies from within when it comes to frequencies of rh negative blood based on ethnic origin of its citizens.<br \/>\nWhile some are of Basque ancestry, there is also Native ancestry originally being 0 percent.<br \/>\nFor Natives there is no category established as there are no longer true Natives present, so the non-informative &#8220;Whites&#8221; category needs to do.<br \/>\nAt the same time &#8220;Mulattoes&#8221; appears a little bit strange and obsolete as there is no information on breakdown based on percentages of heritage and the category of people of African descent is what and all that matters in this regard.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/Escuela_Leninestudiantes.jpg\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/Escuela_Leninestudiantes-300x225.jpg?resize=300%2C225\" alt=\"Escuela_Lenin(estudiantes)\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-908\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/Escuela_Leninestudiantes.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/Escuela_Leninestudiantes.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/Escuela_Leninestudiantes.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/Escuela_Leninestudiantes.jpg?w=1280&amp;ssl=1 1280w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/Escuela_Leninestudiantes.jpg?w=1920&amp;ssl=1 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>An autosomal study from 2014 has found out the genetic ancestry in Cuba to be 72% European, <strong>20% African<\/strong> and 8% Native American. Results of the study are of Cubans in Cuba, not of the Cuban exile community in Miami or other parts of the United States, who may have different genetic profiles.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>(<a href=\"http:\/\/journals.plos.org\/plosgenetics\/article?id=10.1371\/journal.pgen.1004488#pgen-1004488-g001\" target=\"_blank\">More here &#8230;<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>Let\u00b4s keep the 20% African number in mind for later calculations and simply use the other ones for the rest of the population.<\/p>\n<p><strong>According to the chart, 18 out of 146 &#8220;whites&#8221; are ccddee (truly rh negative): 12.3%<br \/>\nAccording to the chart, 9 out of 100 &#8220;mulattoes&#8221; are ccddee (truly rh negative): 9%<br \/>\nAccording to the chart, 6 out of 122 African descent Cubans are ccddee (truly rh negative): 4.9%<\/p>\n<p>Expected were the following numbers:<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Whites&#8221;: 14%<br \/>\n&#8220;Mulattoes&#8221;: 8.7%<br \/>\nAfrican descent: 5.2%<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Considering a 72% European, 20% African and 8% Native American population being in existance and truly Native Americans being 100% rh positive (O positive in this case), one would be able to make the following assumptions IF in fact those were all pure Native Americans, which of course is not likely possible to be the case:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Percentage of rh negatives in Cuba according to this study: 9.84%<br \/>\nPercentage of rh negatives in Cuba according to expected number: 11.12% <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>So have you learned anything?<br \/>\nMe neither!<\/p>\n<p>But since we are talking about ethnic breakdowns, here is more:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>A 1995 study done on the population of Pinar del R\u00edo, found that 50% of the Mt-DNA lineages (female lineages) could be traced back to Europeans, 46% to Africans and 4% to Native Americans. This figure is consistent with both the historical background of the region, and the current demographics of it. According to another study in 2008, the geographical origin attributed to each mtDNA haplogroup, 55% of the sequences found in Cubans are of West Eurasian origin (namely, Europe and the Middle East) and 45% of African origin Regarding Y-chromosome haplogroups (male lineages), 78.8% of the sequences found in Cubans are of West Eurasian origin, 19.7% of African origin and 1.5% of East Asian origin. Among the West Eurasian fraction, the vast majority of individuals belong to West European haplogroup R1b. The African lineages found in Cubans have a Western (haplogroups E1, E2, E1b1a ) and Northern (E1b1b-M81 ) African origin. The &#8220;Canary Islands&#8221; haplogroup E1b1b1b (E-M81), is found at a frequency of 6.1%.<\/p>\n<p>According to Fregel et al. (2009), the fact that autochthonous male E-M81 and female U6 lineages from the Canaries have been detected in Cuba and Iberoamerica, demonstrates that Canary Islanders with indigenous Guanche ancestors actively participated in the American colonization.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<div style=\"padding-bottom:20px; padding-top:10px;\" class=\"hupso-share-buttons\"><!-- Hupso Share Buttons - https:\/\/www.hupso.com\/share\/ --><a class=\"hupso_toolbar\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hupso.com\/share\/\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/static.hupso.com\/share\/buttons\/share-medium.png?w=640&#038;ssl=1\" style=\"border:0px; padding-top:5px; float:left;\" alt=\"Share Button\"\/><\/a><script type=\"text\/javascript\">var hupso_services_t=new Array(\"Twitter\",\"Facebook\",\"Pinterest\",\"Linkedin\");var hupso_background_t=\"#EAF4FF\";var hupso_border_t=\"#66CCFF\";var hupso_toolbar_size_t=\"medium\";var hupso_twitter_via = \"datebytype\";var hupso_image_folder_url = \"\";var hupso_twitter_via=\"datebytype\";var hupso_url_t=\"\";var hupso_title_t=\"Blood Type Frequencies in Cuba\";<\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"https:\/\/static.hupso.com\/share\/js\/share_toolbar.js\"><\/script><!-- Hupso Share Buttons --><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div style=\"padding-bottom:20px; padding-top:10px;\" class=\"hupso-share-buttons\"><!-- Hupso Share Buttons - https:\/\/www.hupso.com\/share\/ --><a class=\"hupso_toolbar\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hupso.com\/share\/\"><img src=\"https:\/\/static.hupso.com\/share\/buttons\/share-medium.png\" style=\"border:0px; padding-top:5px; float:left;\" alt=\"Share Button\"\/><\/a><script type=\"text\/javascript\">var hupso_services_t=new Array(\"Twitter\",\"Facebook\",\"Pinterest\",\"Linkedin\");var hupso_background_t=\"#EAF4FF\";var hupso_border_t=\"#66CCFF\";var hupso_toolbar_size_t=\"medium\";var hupso_twitter_via = \"datebytype\";var hupso_image_folder_url = \"\";var hupso_twitter_via=\"datebytype\";var hupso_url_t=\"\";var hupso_title_t=\"Blood Type Frequencies in Cuba\";<\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"https:\/\/static.hupso.com\/share\/js\/share_toolbar.js\"><\/script><!-- Hupso Share Buttons --><\/div>In addition to Blood Type Frequencies by Country including the Rh Factor, here is some information about Cuba:<div style=\"padding-bottom:20px; padding-top:10px;\" class=\"hupso-share-buttons\"><!-- Hupso Share Buttons - https:\/\/www.hupso.com\/share\/ --><a class=\"hupso_toolbar\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hupso.com\/share\/\"><img src=\"https:\/\/static.hupso.com\/share\/buttons\/share-medium.png\" style=\"border:0px; padding-top:5px; float:left;\" alt=\"Share Button\"\/><\/a><script type=\"text\/javascript\">var hupso_services_t=new Array(\"Twitter\",\"Facebook\",\"Pinterest\",\"Linkedin\");var hupso_background_t=\"#EAF4FF\";var hupso_border_t=\"#66CCFF\";var hupso_toolbar_size_t=\"medium\";var hupso_twitter_via = \"datebytype\";var hupso_image_folder_url = \"\";var hupso_twitter_via=\"datebytype\";var hupso_url_t=\"\";var hupso_title_t=\"Blood Type Frequencies in Cuba\";<\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"https:\/\/static.hupso.com\/share\/js\/share_toolbar.js\"><\/script><!-- Hupso Share Buttons --><\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"amp_status":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[1,2,48],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-897","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-facts","category-rh-negatives-worldwide","category-the-americas"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5DV68-et","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/897","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=897"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/897\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":914,"href":"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/897\/revisions\/914"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=897"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=897"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rhesusnegative.net\/staynegative\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=897"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}